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- 2100–1600 BCE: Xia Dynasty – Considered the first dynasty in Chinese history.
- 221–206 BCE: Qin Dynasty – Unification of China under Emperor Qin Shi Huang and the construction of the Great Wall.
- 206 BCE–220 CE: Han Dynasty – A period of cultural and economic prosperity, known for the Silk Road.
- 618–907: Tang Dynasty – A golden age of Chinese civilization, known for poetry, art, and the expansion of influence.
- 960–1279: Song Dynasty – Technological advancements, such as printing, gunpowder, and the development of paper currency.
- 1279–1368: Yuan Dynasty – Established by Kublai Khan, the Mongol Empire ruled over China.
- 1368–1644: Ming Dynasty – Maritime expeditions led by Admiral Zheng He and the construction of the Forbidden City.
- 1644–1912: Qing Dynasty – The last imperial dynasty, ruled by the ethnic Manchu.
- 1839–1842: First Opium War – Conflict between China and Britain, leading to the Treaty of Nanjing and Hong Kong’s cession.
- 1912: Xinhai Revolution – Overthrow of the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China.
- 1927–1949: Chinese Civil War – A protracted conflict between the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and the Communist Party.
- 1949: People’s Republic of China – The Communist Party, led by Mao Zedong, declares the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.
- 1958–1961: Great Leap Forward – An economic and social campaign initiated by Mao Zedong that resulted in a massive famine.
- 1966–1976: Cultural Revolution – A political movement to reassert Mao’s ideology and remove perceived bourgeois elements from society.
- 1978–1992: Deng Xiaoping’s Reforms – Economic reforms leading to China’s transformation into a market-oriented economy.
- 1989: Tiananmen Square protests – Pro-democracy protests in Beijing, brutally suppressed by the government.
- 1997: Hong Kong’s handover – The sovereignty of Hong Kong is transferred from Britain to China.
- 1999: Macau’s handover – The sovereignty of Macau is transferred from Portugal to China.
- 2001: China joins the World Trade Organization (WTO) – Significantly expanding its economic ties with the world.
- 2008: Beijing Olympics – China hosts the Summer Olympics, showcasing its growing global influence.
- 2013: Belt and Road Initiative – An ambitious infrastructure project aimed at enhancing connectivity and trade routes across Asia, Europe, and Africa.
- 2019: Hong Kong protests – Mass protests against a proposed extradition bill and for greater democratic rights in Hong Kong.
- 2020: COVID-19 pandemic – The outbreak of the global pandemic originated in Wuhan, China, impacting the country and the world.
