Description: A U.S. foreign policy doctrine introduced in 1823 by President James Monroe. It stated that any intervention by European powers in the Americas would be considered a hostile act towards the United States.
Truman Doctrine
Description: Announced by U.S. President Harry S. Truman in 1947, it aimed to provide economic and military assistance to countries threatened by communism. It was a key policy during the Cold War.
Brezhnev Doctrine
Description: Developed by Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev in the 1960s, it asserted the Soviet Union’s right to intervene in any socialist country that deviated from the path of communism, justifying the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968.
Reagan Doctrine
Description: Associated with U.S. President Ronald Reagan, it called for supporting anti-communist insurgencies and resistance movements around the world, particularly in the context of the Cold War.
Bush Doctrine
Description: Named after U.S. President George W. Bush, it outlined a policy shift after the September 11 attacks. It emphasized pre-emptive strikes against perceived threats and the promotion of democracy as a means to combat terrorism.
Doctrine of the Mean (Zhongyong)
Description: A concept in Confucian philosophy that emphasizes finding a balanced and moderate approach in all aspects of life. It promotes harmony, ethical behavior, and self-cultivation.
Just War Doctrine
Description: A set of principles in international law and ethics that outlines when a war can be considered justifiable. It includes criteria such as just cause, proportionality, and the principle of last resort.
Manifest Destiny
Description: A 19th-century doctrine in the United States that asserted the country’s inherent right and duty to expand westward across the North American continent. It influenced territorial expansion and westward settlement.
Marxism-Leninism
Description: A political ideology and doctrine developed by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin. It combines Marxist theory with Lenin’s ideas on revolutionary leadership and the establishment of a communist state.
Four Noble Truths
Description: A foundational doctrine in Buddhism. It states that suffering is inherent in existence, identifies the cause of suffering as craving and attachment, presents the cessation of suffering as a goal, and offers a path (the Eightfold Path) to achieve that cessation.
