Pakistan’s population constitutes approximately 2.65% of the world’s total population according to recent UN estimates. This makes Pakistan one of the most populous countries globally. Population statistics are important for planning economic development, resource allocation, and policy-making. A large population also presents both opportunities and challenges, including workforce potential and pressure on resources. Thus, 2.65% is the correct answer based on recent demographic data.

The International Court of Justice (ICJ), the principal judicial organ of the United Nations, consists of 15 judges. These judges are elected by the UN General Assembly and Security Council for nine-year terms. They represent different legal systems of the world and ensure fair representation. The ICJ settles disputes between states and gives advisory opinions on legal questions. Thus, 15 is the correct answer, reflecting the structure of this global judicial body.

The Taj Mahal was constructed by Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal. Built in Agra, India, it is one of the most famous monuments in the world and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Construction began in 1632 and took over 20 years to complete. The monument is known for its white marble architecture and intricate design. Thus, Shah Jahan is the correct answer.

Balochistan became a province in 1970 after administrative reforms. Thus correct is 1970.

Karakoram Highway length is about 1600 km connecting Pakistan and China.

Kirthar range spans Sindh and Balochistan, so both A & B correct.

Lord Wavell was second last (penultimate) viceroy before Mountbatten.

Aedes aegypti transmits dengue virus.

A simple data structure refers to a basic and linear way of organizing data in memory. Among the given options, an array is considered the simplest data structure. It stores elements of the same type in contiguous memory locations, allowing direct access using an index. This makes arrays efficient for accessing and storing data when the size is known in advance. Arrays are widely used in programming because of their simplicity and speed. They allow constant time access (O(1)) to elements, which is a major advantage over more complex structures. However, arrays have limitations such as fixed size and difficulty in insertion or deletion operations. Graphs, trees, and networks are non-linear and more complex data structures. They are used for advanced applications like hierarchical data representation and relationships. Thus, array is the correct answer because it represents the most basic and fundamental data structure in computer science.

The term “bit” is short for “binary digit,” which is the smallest unit of data in computing and digital communications. A bit can have only two possible values: 0 or 1. These values represent the fundamental building blocks of all digital systems, including computers, smartphones, and communication networks. Bits are used to represent data in binary form because electronic systems operate using two states, such as on/off or high/low voltage. Multiple bits are combined to form larger data units such as bytes (8 bits), kilobytes, megabytes, and so on. Understanding bits is essential for grasping how computers process, store, and transmit information. Higher-level data like text, images, and videos are all ultimately encoded in binary form using bits. Other options are incorrect because they do not represent the standard definition of “bit.” Thus, binary digit is the correct answer, forming the foundation of all modern computing systems.