General Knowledge

The Black Death (1347–51) killed about one-third of Europe’s population, spread by fleas on rats. This is a well-documented historical or scientific.

The Taj Mahal was commissioned by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in 1632 as a mausoleum for his wife Mumtaz Mahal, symbolizing love.

The Gupta Empire (4th–6th century CE) in India saw great achievements in science, art, literature, and mathematics.

The Hagia Sophia in Constantinople was built under Byzantine Emperor Justinian in 537 CE as a grand cathedral.

The Berlin Wall was erected in 1961 by East Germany to prevent emigration, becoming a symbol of Cold War division until 1989.

The Rosetta Stone contained inscriptions in three scripts, allowing scholars to unlock Egyptian hieroglyphs for the first time.

Karl Marx wrote *Das Kapital* (1867), a critique of capitalism, laying foundations for Marxist economic and political theory.

The Code of Hammurabi, Babylonian king’s laws from 1754 BCE, is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length.

The Library of Alexandria was founded in the 3rd century BCE under the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt, becoming a hub of ancient learning.

Ultraviolet B radiation converts skin precursors into vitamin D, essential for calcium metabolism and bone health.